
Flower profile
Buffalo gourd
Cucurbita foetidissima
Buffalo gourd is a wildflower that USDA PLANTS lists as native in the lower 48 states. It's on our flower lists for 4 states, and across the U.S. it's most often seen in bloom in April–August.
*iNaturalist research-grade observations, as of October 17, 2026.
On our lists for: Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas
Quick look
Cucurbita foetidissima is a tuberous xerophytic plant found in the central and southwestern United States and northern Mexico. It has numerous common names, but is most commonly called the buffalo gourd in English. The type specimen was collected from Mexico by Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland sometime before 1817. In Latin, foetidissima means most unpleasant smell.
- It belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. iNaturalist
- USDA PLANTS describes it as an herb (forb) / a vine with a perennial life cycle. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS lists it as native in the lower 48 states and records it in 22 states. USDA PLANTS
- NatureServe lists it as native to Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Kansas. NatureServe
- In Texas, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in April–July. iNaturalist
- In New Mexico, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in May–August. iNaturalist
- USDA PLANTS lists its flower color as yellow. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS gives its bloom period as summer. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS lists a mature height of about 1 ft. USDA PLANTS
- iNaturalist has 6,727 research-grade sightings of it in Texas, ranking #98 among the 109 flowers on our Texas list. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 2,098 research-grade sightings of it in New Mexico, ranking #15 among the 109 flowers on our New Mexico list. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 450 research-grade sightings of it in Oklahoma, ranking #80 among the 110 flowers on our Oklahoma list. iNaturalist
Buffalo gourd gift ideas
Handmade buffalo gourd gifts from independent makers.
🌱 Sample spot. Handmade gift picks from independent shops will appear here once our shop partnership is approved. These cards are placeholders, not real products.
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Buffalo gourd art print
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Buffalo gourd greeting card
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Buffalo gourd mug
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Buffalo gourd earrings
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Buffalo gourd embroidery pattern
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Buffalo gourd sticker
When does it bloom?
Bloom time in each of our 4 states
| State | Type | Peak bloom | Sightings* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Texas | Native | April–July | 6,727 |
| New Mexico | Native | May–August | 2,098 |
| Oklahoma | Native | few records | 450 |
| Kansas | Native | few records | 394 |
Conservation status
- Federal (U.S. ESA)
- Not listed No U.S. Endangered Species Act listing in the USFWS ECOS database. USFWS ECOS
- NatureServe global
- G5 Secure worldwide. NatureServe
- Texas
- Not listed Not on Texas endangered and threatened plants (31 Tex. Admin. Code § 69.8), as listed by Texas Parks and Wildlife. NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in Texas. 31 TAC 69.8
- New Mexico
- Not listed Not on New Mexico state endangered plant species (19.21.2.9 NMAC). NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in New Mexico. 19.21.2.9 NMAC
- Oklahoma
- No list Oklahoma has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Oklahoma ranks instead. NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in Oklahoma.
- Kansas
- No list Kansas's endangered and threatened list (K.A.R. 115-15-1) covers animals only, so we show NatureServe's Kansas ranks for plants. NatureServe: S5, secure in Kansas.
- Rare elsewhere
- Other states where NatureServe ranks it rare or missing: WY (S1). (S1 critically imperiled, S2 imperiled, SH possibly extirpated, SX presumed extirpated.)
Checked October 17, 2026. Rankings and lists can change, so follow the links for the latest.
Can you eat it?
None of the sources we checked (NC State Extension (no page for this plant), USDA PLANTS) say whether it's edible or poisonous for people.
ASPCA's entry “Yellow-Flowered Gourd” (Cucurbita species), which covers the whole genus, lists it as non-toxic to dogs, cats and horses. Eating lots of any plant can still upset a pet's stomach. ASPCA
🌿 Never eat a wild plant unless you're certain of its ID; this isn't medical advice. Worried about a person? Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. Worried about a pet? Call your vet.
Where does it grow?
USDA PLANTS records buffalo gourd in 22 states.
recorded by USDA PLANTS on our state lists not recorded
See the full list of states
Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming.
Texas counties with USDA records: Bandera, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Brewster, Brown, Burnet, Carson, Comal, Concho, Crane, Crockett, Culberson, Dallam, Dawson, DeWitt, Donley, El Paso, Erath, Garza, Gillespie, Hardeman, Harris, Hays, Hemphill, Hill, Hudspeth, Irion, Jeff Davis, Karnes, Kerr, Kimble, Lampasas, Llano, Loving, Mason, McCulloch, McLennan, Menard, Mills, Pecos, Presidio, Randall, Reagan, Real, Reeves, San Saba, Schleicher, Scurry, Sutton, Tarrant, Taylor, Terrell, Tom Green, Travis, Upton, Uvalde, Val Verde, Wichita, Williamson.
New Mexico counties with USDA records: Bernalillo, Chaves, Colfax, Curry, De Baca, Eddy, Guadalupe, Harding, Lincoln, Quay, Rio Arriba, Roosevelt, San Miguel, Sandoval, Socorro, Union.
Oklahoma counties with USDA records: Alfalfa, Beaver, Beckham, Blaine, Bryan, Caddo, Cimarron, Cleveland, Custer, Grady, Grant, Greer, Harper, Jefferson, Kay, Kingfisher, Major, Muskogee, Oklahoma, Payne, Stephens, Texas, Tillman, Tulsa, Woods.
More Texas flowers
Sources
- USDA, NRCS. PLANTS Database, profile CUFO.
- iNaturalist, Cucurbita foetidissima: taxonomy, research-grade observation counts and “Flowering” annotations, retrieved October 17, 2026.
- Wikipedia, Cucurbita foetidissima (lead quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Texas: Texas endangered and threatened plants (31 Tex. Admin. Code § 69.8), as listed by Texas Parks and Wildlife.
- Texas: Texas noxious and invasive plant list (4 Tex. Admin. Code § 19.300(a)).
- New Mexico: New Mexico state endangered plant species (19.21.2.9 NMAC).
- New Mexico: New Mexico Noxious Weed List (NM Department of Agriculture, updated June 2020).
- Oklahoma: Oklahoma Noxious Weed Law (2 O.S. § 3-220).
- Kansas: Kansas noxious weeds (K.A.R. 4-8-44, as amended 2026).
- USFWS, ECOS species database (ESA listing check), October 17, 2026.
- NatureServe Explorer, Cucurbita foetidissima (global and state ranks).
- Edibility and toxicity: ASPCA.
- Photo: Rupert Clayton via iNaturalist · CC BY 4.0 · resized.


