Bloomipedia
American water-willow (Justicia americana)
Photo: Ken-ichi Ueda via iNaturalist · CC BY 4.0 · resized

Flower profile

American water-willow

Justicia americana

Native to Arkansas

American water-willow is a wildflower that USDA PLANTS lists as native in the lower 48 states. In Arkansas it's most often seen in bloom in May–September.

28states
650AR sightings*
11,448U.S. sightings*

*iNaturalist research-grade observations, as of October 17, 2026.

On our lists for: Arkansas

Quick look

Dianthera americana, commonly known as the American water-willow, is an herbaceous, aquatic flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae. This perennial species is native to North America, and can typically be found in abundance throughout the eastern half of the continent along shorelines, in lakes or ponds, or in the shallow riffles of streams and rivers.

  • It belongs to the Acanthaceae family. iNaturalist
  • USDA PLANTS describes it as an herb (forb) with a perennial life cycle. USDA PLANTS
  • USDA PLANTS lists it as native in the lower 48 states and records it in 28 states. USDA PLANTS
  • NatureServe lists it as native to Arkansas. NatureServe
  • In Arkansas, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in May–September. iNaturalist
  • USDA PLANTS lists its flower color as white. USDA PLANTS
  • USDA PLANTS gives its bloom period as late spring. USDA PLANTS
  • USDA PLANTS lists a mature height of about 2.5 ft. USDA PLANTS
  • iNaturalist has 650 research-grade sightings of it in Arkansas, ranking #76 among the 109 flowers on our Arkansas list. iNaturalist

American water-willow gift ideas

Handmade american water-willow gifts from independent makers.

When does it bloom?

In Arkansas, most flowering sightings come in May–September.

Flowering records by month in Arkansas (iNaturalist research-grade observations marked “Flowering”) (95 records)

Conservation status

Federal (U.S. ESA)
Not listed Not listed under the Endangered Species Act. USFWS ECOS does track it with the label “Resolved Taxon,” which is informal and gives no legal protection. USFWS ECOS
NatureServe global
G5 Secure worldwide. NatureServe
Arkansas
No list Arkansas has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Arkansas ranks instead. NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in Arkansas.
Rare elsewhere
Other states where NatureServe ranks it rare or missing: IA (S1), LA (S2), MI (S2), VT (SX). (S1 critically imperiled, S2 imperiled, SH possibly extirpated, SX presumed extirpated.)

Checked October 17, 2026. Rankings and lists can change, so follow the links for the latest.

Can you eat it?

For peopleNot well documented

None of the sources we checked (NC State Extension (no edibility or poison notes on its page), USDA PLANTS) say whether it's edible or poisonous for people. NC State Extension

For petsNot well documented

It isn't on the ASPCA plant list, and NC State Extension doesn't flag it for pets.

🌿 Never eat a wild plant unless you're certain of its ID; this isn't medical advice. Worried about a person? Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. Worried about a pet? Call your vet.

Where does it grow?

USDA PLANTS records American water-willow in 28 states plus Washington, D.C.

recorded by USDA PLANTS on our state lists not recorded

See the full list of states

Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin; District of Columbia.

Arkansas counties with USDA records: Baxter, Benton, Bradley, Carroll, Clark, Cleburne, Conway, Crawford, Drew, Faulkner, Franklin, Fulton, Garland, Hot Spring, Howard, Independence, Izard, Johnson, Logan, Madison, Marion, Mississippi, Montgomery, Newton, Ouachita, Perry, Pike, Polk, Pope, Pulaski, Randolph, Saline, Scott, Searcy, Sebastian, Sharp, Stone, Van Buren, Washington, White, Yell.

More Arkansas flowers

Sources